Sensory Disturbance by Six Insecticides in the Range of μg/L in Caenorhabditis elegans

Using Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model, the possible toxic effects of six insecticides (dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, acetamiprid, and sulfoxaflor) commonly used in agriculture on sensory perception were examined. The behaviors thermotaxis, avoidance copper ion, chemotaxis to NaCl, diacetyl measured investigate damage perceptions nematodes exposed examined range micrograms per liter (μg/L). Exposure dinotefuran, or sulfoxaflor at concentrations 10–100 μg/L resulted severe deficits temperature, diacetyl. relative neurotoxicity C. shown dinotefuran > thiamethoxam thiacloprid nitenpyram acetamiprid sulfoxaflor. Moreover, post-treatment with antioxidant ascorbate effectively suppressed production reactive oxygen species damages induced by insecticides, indicating that activation oxidative stress can act important cellular contributor observed affecting perceptions. Our data highlighted potential toxicity low inducing disturbance environmental organisms.